Shyam Benegal, the visionary filmmaker who played a pivotal role in shaping India's parallel cinema movement in the 1970s and 1980s, has passed away at the age of 90. Known for his realistic films that addressed social issues and deviated from mainstream cinematic norms, Benegal's death marks the end of an era in Indian filmmaking.

The filmmaker, who was admitted to the intensive care unit at Mumbai's Wockhardt Hospital shortly after turning 90 on December 14, succumbed to chronic kidney disease. His daughter, Pia Benegal, confirmed his passing, stating that his long battle with the illness had worsened in recent days, leading to his death at 6:38 pm.

Despite his health challenges, including undergoing dialysis three times a week, Shyam Benegal remained dedicated to his craft until the end. In an interview on his 90th birthday, he revealed that he was working on several projects, expressing his passion for filmmaking even in his advanced years. His most recent film was the 2023 biographical film Mujib: The Making of a Nation.

Benegal's body of work includes notable films such as Bhumika, Junoon, Mandi, Suraj Ka Satvaan Ghoda, Mammo, and Sardari Begum, all of which are considered classics in Hindi cinema. He was also known for his documentaries and television serials, including Bharat Ek Khoj and Samvidhaan.

Born in Hyderabad, Benegal was the son of prominent photographer Sridhar B Benegal and the second cousin of the iconic filmmaker Guru Dutt. His journey into cinema began as a copywriter, and he made his first documentary, Gher Betha Ganga, in 1962. Benegal's breakthrough in feature films came with Ankur (1973), followed by Nishant (1975), Manthan (1976), and Bhumika (1977), all of which marked him as a key figure in India's new wave cinema.

Benegal also served as the Director of the National Film Development Corporation (NFDC) from 1980 to 1986, further cementing his legacy as a pioneer in the industry. His film Mandi (1983) gained attention for its satirical take on politics and prostitution, while Trikal explored human relationships in the context of Goa's final days under Portuguese rule.

Shyam Benegal is survived by his wife, Nira Benegal, and daughter, Pia Benegal. His death is a significant loss to Indian cinema, and his contributions will continue to inspire future generations of filmmakers.